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Ultrasound is used to diagnose multiple gestation. With obstetric ultrasonography the gestational sac (intrauterine fluid collection) can be visualized at 4.5 to 5 weeks gestation, the yolk sac at 5 to 6 weeks gestation, and fetal pole at 5.5 to 6 weeks gestation. Both abdominal and vaginal ultrasound may be used, but vaginal ultrasound allows for earlier visualization of the pregnancy. It is very common to have a positive at home urine pregnancy test before an ultrasound. Obstetric ultrasonography may also be used to detect and diagnose pregnancy. This test has utility for determining the success of medication abortion. The hCG levels are measured at 10,000 mIU/mL. There is a multilevel urine pregnancy test (MLPT) that measures hCG levels semiquantitatively. Qualitative test: 1500-2000 mIU/mL, depending on test Qualitative test: 20 to 50 mIU/mL, depending on test Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) detection thresholds by test type and sample type Blood tests can detect hCG levels as low as 1 mIU/mL, and typically clinicians will diagnose a positive pregnancy test at 5mIU/mL. Quantitative tests measure the exact amount of hCG in the sample. Qualitative urine tests available for home use are typically designed as lateral flow tests. Low-sensitivity tests detect hCG levels between 1500-2000 mIU/mL and have unique clinical applications, including confirmation of medication abortion success.
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High-sensitivity tests are more common and typically detect hCG levels between 20-50 milli-international units/mL (mIU/mL). Qualitative urine pregnancy tests vary in sensitivity. For a qualitative test the thresholds for a positive test are generally determined by an hCG cut-off where at least 95% of pregnant women would get a positive result on the day of their first missed period. Qualitative tests (yes/no or positive/negative results) look for the presence of the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in blood or urine. Therefore, a blood test can be positive while the urine test is still negative. The hCG concentration in blood is higher than in urine. Secretion of hCG can occur as soon as 6 days following ovulation and on average 8-10 days following ovulation this is the earliest hCG can be detected in a blood sample. The assays used to detect the presence of hCG in blood or urine are generally reliable and inexpensive. hCG testing can be performed with a blood ( serum) sample (typically done in a medical facility) or with urine (which can be performed in a medical facility or at home). hCG is produced by what will become the placenta. Identified in the early 20th century, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone that rises quickly in the first few weeks of pregnancy, typically reaching a peak at 8- to 10-weeks gestational age. Types Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)